What do we call the event when Earth blocks sunlight from reaching the Moon?

The event when Earth blocks sunlight from reaching the Moon is termed a lunar eclipse. During a lunar eclipse, the Earth is positioned directly between the Sun and the Moon, causing the Earth's shadow to fall on the Moon. This can result in the Moon appearing to change color, often taking on a reddish hue due to the scattering of sunlight through the Earth's atmosphere, a phenomenon known as Rayleigh scattering.

In contrast, a solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between the Earth and the Sun, leading to the Moon blocking sunlight from reaching the Earth. Seasons are influenced by the tilt of the Earth's axis and its orbit around the Sun, while tides are caused by the gravitational effects of the Moon and the Sun on Earth's oceans. These terms reflect different astronomical phenomena that do not pertain to the blocking of sunlight from the Moon.