What type of star is the Sun classified as?

The classification of the Sun as a G-type main-sequence star is based on its temperature, luminosity, and spectral characteristics. G-type stars, like the Sun, have surface temperatures ranging from about 5,300 to 6,000 Kelvin and exhibit a yellowish color. They generate energy through nuclear fusion in their cores, converting hydrogen into helium. This process allows them to maintain a stable and long-lived existence in the main sequence phase of their life cycle.

In contrast, K-type stars are cooler and smaller than the Sun, with lower luminosity, while M-type dwarf stars are even cooler and much less luminous. B-type supergiant stars, on the other hand, are significantly larger, hotter, and more luminous than the Sun but have shorter life spans. Thus, the classification of the Sun as a G-type main-sequence star accurately reflects its size, temperature, and stage in stellar evolution.